The Origin and Evolution of the Earth  Ch (2) Practice Quiz in English Part 2 || Class 11 Geography Book -1 Practice Quizzes in English

Explanation: The crust is the Earth’s solid outermost layer, divided into oceanic and continental crust with varying thicknesses and compositions.  

Explanation: Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms, providing evidence of past life on Earth.  

Explanation: Dissolution is the process where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in rainwater, forming carbonic acid, which contributed to further cooling of the early Earth.  

Explanation: Condensation refers to the cooling and solidification of the Earth’s material, leading to the formation of its layered structure and the initial crust.  

Explanation: The Nebular Hypothesis proposes that the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust, known as a nebula, which collapsed and condensed to create the Sun and planets.  

Explanation: Carl Weizascar, along with Otto Schmidt, proposed revisions to the nebular hypothesis, incorporating the role of dust and friction in planet formation.  

Explanation: The Giant Impact Hypothesis suggests that a Mars-sized object collided with the early Earth, generating immense heat and leading to the formation of the Moon.  

Explanation: The mantle is the thick layer between the Earth’s crust and core, composed of mostly solid rock that behaves like a viscous fluid over long timescales.  

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce energy, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.  

Explanation: Photosynthetic organisms in the oceans released oxygen, eventually leading to the saturation of oxygen in the water and its subsequent release into the atmosphere.  

Explanation: Accretion is the process where gas and dust within a nebula are drawn together by gravity, forming denser clumps that eventually become stars.  

Explanation: Degassing is the release of gases from the Earth’s interior, primarily through volcanic activity, which contributed to the formation of the initial atmosphere.  

Explanation: Condensation is the process where water vapor in the atmosphere cools and changes its state from a gas to a liquid, forming clouds and rain.  

Explanation: Differentiation is the process by which Earth’s layers formed, with denser materials sinking to create the core and lighter materials rising to form the crust and mantle.  

Explanation: Condensation is the process by which the Earth’s surface cooled and solidified, forming the initial crust.  

Explanation: The condensation of water vapor from the atmosphere led to rainfall, which filled depressions on the Earth’s surface, forming the oceans.  

Explanation: The Big Bang Theory proposes that the universe began from an extremely hot, dense state called a singularity, followed by rapid expansion and cooling.  

Explanation: The intense solar winds from the early Sun stripped away the Earth’s initial atmosphere, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium.  

Explanation: The Steady State theory proposed a universe with no beginning or end, maintaining a constant density through continuous creation of matter.  

Explanation: Nucleosynthesis is the process by which the first atomic nuclei, primarily hydrogen and helium, formed from elementary particles in the early universe after the Big Bang.