Introducing Western Sociologists Ch(4) Book – 2 Practice Quiz in English Part – 2 || Class 11 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English Posted on March 1, 2025March 1, 2025 by Anshul Gupta0% 0 votes, 0 avg 0 Introducing Western Sociologists Ch(4) Book – 2Practice Quiz in English Part – 2 || Class 11 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English 1 / 201. What did Durkheim believe was the primary factor that constrained individual behaviour? A. Social solidarities B. Economic incentives C. Political ideologies D. Personal motivations Explanation: Durkheim argued that social solidarities, or the ties that bind people together, acted as a constraining force on individual behaviour, limiting choices and promoting conformity.2 / 202. What did Max Weber consider to be the primary objective of the social sciences? A. To promote social change and revolution B. To predict and control human behaviour C. To discover the objective laws of nature D. To develop an interpretive understanding of social action Explanation: Weber believed that the main goal of the social sciences was to understand the meanings and motivations behind human actions in social contexts.3 / 203. What did Durkheim believe was the subject matter of sociology? A. Individual psychology B. Political institutions C. Economic behaviour D. Social facts Explanation: Durkheim defined social facts as the proper subject matter of sociology, encompassing collective patterns of behaviour and beliefs that exist external to individuals but influence their actions.4 / 204. What did Weber believe was the impact of bureaucracy on individual actors? A. It blurred the distinction between public and private life. B. It promoted individual autonomy and freedom. C. It suppressed individual skills and talents. D. It recognized individual skills and assigned responsibilities accordingly. Explanation: Weber argued that bureaucracy, while rule-bound, also recognized and utilized the specific skills and training of individuals by assigning them appropriate responsibilities and authority.5 / 205. What type of social solidarity is found in societies with small populations and a high degree of similarity among members? A. Individualistic solidarity B. Collective solidarity C. Organic solidarity D. Mechanical solidarity Explanation: Mechanical solidarity is characteristic of primitive societies with small populations and a strong sense of community based on shared values and beliefs.6 / 206. What did Durkheim believe was the most important factor in classifying a society? A. The nature of social solidarity B. The level of technological development C. The form of political organization D. The type of economic system Explanation: Durkheim classified societies based on the type of social solidarity that existed within them, distinguishing between mechanical solidarity in primitive societies and organic solidarity in modern societies.7 / 207. What did Weber believe was the source of charismatic authority? A. Legal rules and regulations B. Divine sources or the "gift of grace" C. Custom and precedence D. Economic power and influence Explanation: Weber defined charismatic authority as stemming from exceptional personal qualities or a belief in the divine inspiration of a leader.8 / 208. What did Durkheim consider to be the key characteristic of a society? A. Its technological advancements B. Its economic system C. Its moral codes D. Its political structure Explanation: Durkheim believed that a society’s moral codes were central in shaping the behaviour patterns of individuals and determining the nature of social solidarity.9 / 209. What did Weber believe was the main function of bureaucracy? A. To maintain traditional hierarchies B. To promote innovation and creativity C. To ensure fairness and accountability D. To encourage individual autonomy Explanation: Weber saw bureaucracy as a way to achieve efficiency and fairness in administration by establishing clear rules and procedures.10 / 2010. What type of social solidarity is found in societies with large populations and a high degree of interdependence among members? A. Individualistic solidarity B. Collective solidarity C. Organic solidarity D. Mechanical solidarity Explanation: Organic solidarity is characteristic of modern societies with large populations and a complex division of labour, leading to interdependence among individuals and groups.11 / 2011. What did Durkheim believe was the most important methodological tool for studying social phenomena? A. Theoretical speculation B. Historical comparison C. Empirical observation D. Statistical analysis Explanation: Durkheim emphasized the importance of empirical observation and the collection of data to study social phenomena scientifically.12 / 2012. What methodological tool did Weber propose for analysing social phenomena? A. Historical documents B. Statistical surveys C. Laboratory experiments D. Ideal type Explanation: Weber introduced the concept of an ideal type as a way to analyse social phenomena by constructing a logical model that highlights its most significant characteristics.13 / 2013. What did Weber believe was the most characteristic feature of bureaucracy? A. Personal relationships B. Flexibility and adaptability C. Informal organization D. Rule-bound conduct Explanation: Weber characterized bureaucracy as a highly formalized and rule-bound system of organization, where actions are governed by explicit regulations.14 / 2014. What did Durkheim consider to be the foundation of society? A. Individual self-interest B. Economic competition C. Social ties and solidarities D. Political institutions Explanation: Durkheim emphasized the importance of social ties and solidarities, which he believed exerted pressure on individuals to conform to societal norms and expectations.15 / 2015. What type of authority did Weber believe was most prevalent in modern times? A. Charismatic authority B. Traditional authority C. Rational-legal authority D. Expert authority Explanation: Weber argued that rational-legal authority, based on legally defined rules and regulations, was the dominant form of authority in modern societies.16 / 2016. What did Weber believe was the sociologist’s task in studying social action? A. To recover the meanings attributed by the actor B. To impose their own interpretations on actors' behaviour C. To ignore the subjective motivations of actors D. To focus solely on the observable aspects of behaviour Explanation: Weber argued that sociologists should strive to understand the subjective meanings and motivations that actors associate with their actions.17 / 2017. What was the focus of Durkheim’s last book, “The Elementary Forms of Religious Life”? A. The role of religion in promoting social conflict B. The decline of religion in modern society C. A theological interpretation of religion D. A secular understanding of religion Explanation: In his final book, Durkheim explored religion from a secular perspective, aiming to understand its social functions and origins.18 / 2018. What did Weber believe was the relationship between officials and their bureaucratic roles? A. Officials had absolute power within their designated areas of responsibility. B. Officials were not bound by rules and regulations in their conduct. C. Officials had complete ownership of their positions. D. Officials had limited authority and were accountable to their clients. Explanation: Weber emphasized that bureaucracy restricted the power of officials, making them accountable for their actions and limiting their authority to their designated responsibilities.19 / 2019. What is a key feature of modern societies, according to Durkheim? A. The law aiming to punish wrongdoers and enforce collective revenge B. Individuals being totally submerged in the collectively C. Harsh punishments for violating social norms D. Individuals having multiple roles and identities Explanation: In modern societies with organic solidarity, individuals have diverse roles and identities due to the complex division of labour and specialization.20 / 2020. What did Weber mean by the term “social action”? A. Meaningful human behaviour to which actors attach meaning B. Only actions that are performed in public settings C. Any human behaviour, regardless of intention D. Actions that are solely motivated by economic self-interest Explanation: Weber defined social action as any behaviour that is performed with a specific intention or meaning attached to it by the actor.Please insert your information to see your ranking अपनी Ranking जानने के लिए कृपया अपनी जानकारी भरे NamePhone Number Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz Category: Class 11 Sociology Quizzes in English
