Water (Oceans) Ch (12) Practice Quiz in English Part 1 || Class 11 Geography Book -1 Practice Quizzes in English

Explanation: Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, primarily due to the input of heat energy.

Explanation: While sublimation (the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase) can occur with water, it is not a major component of the hydrological cycle. The primary processes involved are condensation, precipitation, and evaporation.

Explanation: Atolls are ring-shaped coral reefs or a series of islets that surround a central lagoon.

Explanation: Guyots are flat-topped seamounts that were once volcanic islands but have subsided over time due to erosion and other geological processes.

Explanation: The four major oceans on Earth are the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic Oceans. The Southern Ocean is considered a body of water surrounding Antarctica.

Explanation: Approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, primarily in the form of oceans.

Explanation: Oceanic deeps are characterized by steep sides, narrow basins, and their association with active volcanoes and earthquakes. They are not flat plains; those are characteristic of deep sea plains.

Explanation: While water temperature can indirectly influence salinity, the primary factors affecting ocean salinity are evaporation, precipitation, and ocean currents.

Explanation: The thermocline is the transitional layer in the ocean where temperature changes rapidly with depth, separating the warmer surface waters from the colder deep waters.

Explanation: The halocline is the zone in the ocean where salinity changes abruptly with depth.

Explanation: Oceanic deeps, also known as trenches, are the deepest parts of the ocean floor, often characterized by steep, narrow depressions.

Explanation: The continental shelf is the gently sloping, submerged extension of a continent that extends from the shoreline to the continental slope.

Explanation: The average salinity of ocean water is approximately 35 parts per thousand, meaning that 35 grams of salt are dissolved in every 1,000 grams of seawater.

Explanation: The Red Sea is a landlocked sea known for its high salinity due to high evaporation rates and limited freshwater inflow.

Explanation: The sun’s energy, or solar radiation, is the primary source of heat for the Earth’s oceans.

Explanation: Seamounts are underwater mountains, typically formed by volcanic activity, that rise from the seafloor but do not reach the ocean’s surface.

Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth, covering a significant portion of the planet’s surface.

Explanation: The hydrological cycle and the water cycle are interchangeable terms that describe the continuous movement of water in its various forms (liquid, solid, and gas) through the Earth’s systems.

Explanation: Continental shelves vary in width, but their average width is about 80 kilometers.

Explanation: The Atlantic Ocean has the highest average salinity among the major oceans, primarily due to factors such as higher evaporation rates and lower freshwater inflow compared to other oceans.