Water (Oceans) Ch (12) Practice Quiz in English Part 2 || Class 11 Geography Book -1 Practice Quizzes in English

Explanation: The pycnocline is the zone in the ocean where density changes abruptly with depth, primarily due to changes in temperature and salinity.

Explanation: Mid-oceanic ridges are characterized by two chains of mountains separated by a large depression, peaks as high as 2,500 meters, and the formation of new oceanic crust. Deep, narrow trenches are associated with oceanic deeps, not mid-oceanic ridges.

Explanation: Ocean currents are driven by a combination of factors, including wind patterns, variations in salinity, and temperature differences between different parts of the ocean.

Explanation: The major components of dissolved salts in seawater include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium sulfate. Potassium nitrate is not a significant component.

Explanation: While water temperature can indirectly influence salinity, the primary factors affecting ocean salinity are evaporation, precipitation, and ocean currents.

Explanation: The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean on Earth, covering approximately 20% of the planet’s surface.

Explanation: The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the major oceans, located primarily in the Arctic region.

Explanation: While water depth influences the vertical distribution of salinity, the major factors affecting the overall salinity distribution in oceans are latitude, prevailing winds, and ocean currents.

Explanation: Salinity refers to the total amount of dissolved salts in seawater, typically expressed in parts per thousand.

Explanation: Upwelling is the process in which cold, nutrient-rich water from the deeper ocean rises to the surface, replacing warmer surface water that has been pushed away by winds or currents.

Explanation: While water depth influences the vertical distribution of temperature, the major factors affecting the overall temperature distribution in oceans are latitude, ocean currents, and prevailing winds.

Explanation: Deposition is the process by which water vapor in the atmosphere changes directly into ice, such as the formation of frost or snow.

Explanation: Submarine canyons are characterized by deep, steep-sided valleys, formation by turbidity currents, and extension from the mouths of large rivers. Flat-topped summits are characteristic of guyots, not submarine canyons.

Explanation: Downwelling is the process in which warmer, nutrient-depleted water from the surface sinks to the deeper ocean, replacing colder, denser water that has risen through upwelling.

Explanation: While water depth influences the vertical distribution of temperature, the major factors affecting the temperature of ocean currents are latitude, prevailing winds, and the interaction of different currents.

Explanation: Submarine canyons are deep, steep-sided valleys that cut across continental shelves and slopes, often extending from the mouths of large rivers.

Explanation: Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the atmosphere changes into liquid water, forming clouds and eventually leading to precipitation.

Explanation: Deep sea plains are vast, flat areas of the ocean floor that cover a significant portion of the ocean basins.

Explanation: Melting is the process by which water changes from a solid state (ice) to a liquid state, primarily due to the input of heat energy.

Explanation: Precipitation encompasses any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.