Environment and Society Ch(3) Book – 2 Practice Quiz in English Part – 1 || Class 11 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English Posted on March 1, 2025March 1, 2025 by Anshul Gupta0% 0 votes, 0 avg 0 Environment and Society Ch(3) Book – 2Practice Quiz in English Part – 1 || Class 11 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English 1 / 201. What is the term used to describe the web of physical and biological systems and processes of which humans are one element? A. Sociology B. Ecology C. Environment D. Ecosystem Explanation: The term ‘ecology’ refers to the interconnectedness of physical and biological systems, including humans, in a given environment. 2 / 202. Which of the following is NOT a major source of water pollution? A. Vehicle emissions B. Factory effluents C. Domestic sewage D. Farm runoff Explanation: Vehicle emissions primarily contribute to air pollution, not water pollution. 3 / 203. What is the main reason for the increasing conflict over urban space in India? A. Rural-to-urban migration B. The demand for infrastructure for affluent residents C. Population growth D. All of the above Explanation: The growth of cities, fueled by population increase and migration, coupled with the demand for infrastructure for the wealthy, intensifies the competition for urban space. 4 / 204. What is the primary cause of the rapid decline in groundwater levels in India? A. Industrial pollution B. Intensive agriculture C. Urbanization D. Climate change Explanation: The high demand for water in intensive agriculture is a leading cause of groundwater depletion in India. 5 / 205. What was the main cause of the Bhopal gas tragedy in 1984? A. A natural disaster B. A nuclear explosion C. A terrorist attack D. A gas leak from a pesticide factory Explanation: The Bhopal disaster was caused by the accidental release of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from a Union Carbide pesticide plant. 6 / 206. What is the term for the process of the loss of topsoil? A. Pollution B. Deforestation C. Global warming D. Erosion Explanation: Erosion is the process of soil degradation and loss due to factors like wind, water, and human activities. 7 / 207. What is the term for the process of turning nature into objects that can be bought and sold for profit? A. Industrialization B. Exploitation C. Commodification D. Capitalism Explanation: Commodification refers to the process of assigning economic value to natural resources and ecosystems, enabling their trade in the market. 8 / 208. What is the main social factor that shapes how environmental problems affect different groups? A. Gender B. Inequality C. Education D. Religion Explanation: Social inequalities, based on factors like wealth, power, and status, influence the extent to which people are affected by environmental problems. 9 / 209. What is the main driver of the conflict over natural resources in India? A. Social inequality B. Population growth C. Lack of technology D. Climate change Explanation: The unequal distribution of power and resources among different social groups is a major driver of conflicts over natural resources. 10 / 2010. What is the main cause of farmers’ suicides in India, according to journalist P. Sainath? A. Lack of government support B. A combination of environmental and economic factors C. Family disputes D. Mental illness Explanation: P. Sainath’s investigations revealed that farmers’ suicides are driven by a complex interplay of environmental challenges, economic pressures, and lack of social support. 11 / 2011. Which of the following is NOT a human-made ecological element? A. City built environment B. Dam C. Agricultural farm D. Desert Explanation: Deserts are natural ecological systems, while agricultural farms, cities, and dams are created through human intervention. 12 / 2012. What is the term for the recognition that nearly all present ecological problems arise from deep-seated social problems? A. Environmentalism B. Social ecology C. Sociology D. Ecology Explanation: Social ecology emphasizes the interconnectedness of social and ecological issues, recognizing that environmental problems are often rooted in social problems. 13 / 2013. What is the primary cause of deforestation in India? A. Agricultural expansion B. Climate change C. Industrial pollution D. Urban expansion Explanation: The clearing of forests for agricultural purposes is a major driver of deforestation in India. 14 / 2014. Which of the following is NOT a major environmental problem? A. Resource depletion B. Global warming C. Pollution D. Urbanization Explanation: While urbanization can contribute to environmental problems, it is not a major environmental problem in itself. 15 / 2015. Which of the following is NOT a major environmental risk associated with industrialization? A. Deforestation B. Mad Cow disease C. Industrial accidents D. Nuclear disasters Explanation: While deforestation is a serious environmental problem, it is not directly associated with industrial risks like nuclear disasters, industrial accidents, or Mad Cow disease. 16 / 2016. Which of the following is NOT a major contributor to air pollution in India? A. Industrial emissions B. Vehicle emissions C. Solar panels D. Domestic cooking fires Explanation: Solar panels are a source of clean energy and do not contribute to air pollution. 17 / 2017. What is the term for development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs? A. Technological advancement B. Industrial development C. Economic growth D. Sustainable development Explanation: Sustainable development aims to balance economic progress with environmental protection to ensure a healthy planet for future generations. 18 / 2018. What is the ‘greenhouse effect’? A. The process of plants absorbing carbon dioxide B. The trapping of the sun's heat by certain gases C. The increase in global rainfall D. The cooling of the Earth's atmosphere Explanation: The greenhouse effect occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere trap solar radiation, leading to a gradual warming of the planet. 19 / 2019. What is the main concern regarding genetically modified organisms (GMOs)? A. Their limited availability B. Their high cost C. Their short shelf-life D. Their potential impact on human health and ecosystems Explanation: The long-term effects of GMOs on human health and the environment are still largely unknown, raising concerns about their safety. 20 / 2020. What is the main environmental concern associated with dams? A. Their high cost B. Their contribution to air pollution C. Their potential to cause earthquakes D. Their impact on the ecological balance of water basins Explanation: Dams can disrupt the natural flow of rivers, affecting the ecosystems and biodiversity of water bodies. 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