Change and Development in Rural Society Ch (4) Book – 2 Practice Quiz in English Part – 2 || Class 12 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English Posted on March 7, 2025March 7, 2025 by Anshul Gupta0% 0 votes, 0 avg 0 Change and Development in Rural Society Ch (4) Book – 2Practice Quiz in English Part – 2 || Class 12 Sociology Practice Quizzes in English 1 / 201. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of tribal societies? A. Sharp class divisions B. Egalitarian social organization C. Community-based resource ownership D. Lack of a written religious text Explanation: Tribal societies are traditionally characterized by a more egalitarian social organization and community-based resource ownership.2 / 202. Which of the following is NOT a reason for conflicts and disputes within families? A. Domestic violence B. Property disputes C. Shared decision-making D. Differences in cultural values Explanation: Conflicts and disputes within families can arise from various factors, including property disputes, domestic violence, and differences in cultural values. Shared decision-making is generally seen as a positive practice that can reduce conflicts.3 / 203. What is the impact of the interaction between tribal communities and the mainstream society? A. It has had no impact on tribal cultures and societies. B. It has led to the complete assimilation of tribal communities. C. It has always been beneficial for tribal communities. D. It has often been on unfavorable terms for tribal communities. Explanation: The interaction between tribal communities and the mainstream society has often been on unfavorable terms, leading to challenges such as loss of resources and cultural disruption.4 / 204. Which of the following is NOT a reason why caste has become ‘invisible’ for the urban upper castes? A. They have access to subsidized public education and public sector jobs. B. They have benefited the most from developmental policies. C. They face significant discrimination in education and employment. D. Their caste status has been crucial in ensuring economic and educational resources. Explanation: The urban upper castes have benefited from developmental policies and access to resources, making their caste status less visible in their public lives. They generally do not face significant discrimination in education and employment. 5 / 205. Who was the first headmistress of the country’s first school for girls in Pune? A. Savitri Bai Phule B. Ayyankali C. Periyar D. Sri Narayana Guru Explanation: Savitri Bai Phule was a pioneer in women’s education and social reform. 6 / 206. Which social reformer denounced the injustice of the caste system and its rules of purity and pollution? A. Jotirao Govindrao Phule B. Savitri Bai Phule C. Ayyankali D. Mahatma Gandhi Explanation: Jotirao Govindrao Phule actively denounced the caste system and its discriminatory practices. 7 / 207. Which of the following is NOT a way in which tribes have been traditionally A. In terms of their positive characteristics B. In terms of their religious beliefs C. In terms of their level of development D. In terms of what they were Explanation: Tribes in India have generally been defined in terms of what they were not, such as not having a written religious text, a state or political form of the normal kind, or sharp class divisions.8 / 208. What is the term for a family where women play a similarly dominant role as men in patriarchy? A. Patriarchy B. Patriliny C. Matriliny D. Matriarchy Explanation: Matriarchy is a social system where women hold primary power and authority.9 / 209. Which of the following is NOT a factor that can lead to changes in family structure? A. Economic changes B. War C. Migration D. Religious beliefs Explanation: While religious beliefs can influence family norms and values, they are not a direct factor that can lead to changes in family structure. Factors like migration, war, and economic changes can directly impact family structures. 10 / 2010. Which of the following is NOT a way in which the post-Independence Indian state addressed the issue of caste? A. Implementing radical land reforms B. Operating in a caste-blind manner in government jobs C. Explicitly writing the abolition of caste into the Constitution D. Instituting reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Explanation: While the Indian state aimed to abolish caste, it did not implement radical land reforms that would have undermined the economic basis of caste inequality. 11 / 2011. Which of the following is NOT a way in which the growth of modern industry affected caste? A. Led to urbanization and collective living B. Exposed people to liberal ideas of individualism and meritocracy C. Reinforced traditional caste-based occupations D. Created new jobs not governed by caste rules Explanation: Modern industry created new jobs outside the traditional caste-based system, challenging the rigid occupational structure associated with caste. 12 / 2012. What has been a major challenge for tribal communities due to ‘national development’ projects? A. Improved healthcare facilities B. Greater political representation C. Increased access to education D. Loss of land and forests Explanation: National development projects, such as dams, factories, and mines, have often led to the dispossession of tribals from their land and forests, causing significant challenges for their communities.13 / 2013. Why have the Scheduled Castes and Tribes and the backward classes found their caste identity becoming more visible? A. They have abandoned their caste identity. B. They have no inherited educational and social capital. C. They have benefited the most from developmental policies. D. They do not face any discrimination. Explanation: The Scheduled Castes and Tribes and the backward classes have limited access to resources and face discrimination, making their caste identity more visible as they seek to utilize collective assets and reservations to improve their life chances. 14 / 2014. Which of the following is NOT a way in which the state can influence family structure? A. Through the individual choices of family members B. Through laws regarding marriage and inheritance C. Through policies that impact economic opportunities D. Through promoting specific cultural norms and values Explanation: While individual choices within families can lead to changes in family dynamics, the state can influence family structure through laws, policies, and the promotion of specific cultural norms.15 / 2015. Which of the following is NOT a concept coined by M.N. Srinivas to understand social change in India? A. Dominant caste B. Sanskritisation C. Secularisation D. Westernisation Explanation: M.N. Srinivas coined the concepts of Sanskritisation and Dominant caste to explain social change related to the caste system. Westernisation and secularisation are broader concepts not specifically associated with Srinivas’ work. 16 / 2016. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the formation of tribal identities today? A. Resistance to non-tribal forces B. Interaction with the mainstream society C. Assertion of cultural identity D. Primordial characteristics Explanation: Tribal identities today are shaped by their interaction with mainstream society, resistance to non-tribal forces, and the assertion of their cultural identity, rather than solely based on primordial or ancient characteristics.17 / 2017. What is the term for a society where women inherit property but do not exercise control over it or make decisions in public affairs? A. Patriliny B. Matriarchy C. Matriliny D. Patriarchy Explanation: Matriliny refers to societies where women inherit property but do not have control over it or decision-making power in public matters. 18 / 2018. What is the term for the family where men exercise authority and dominance? A. Patriliny B. Matriarchy C. Matriliny D. Patriarchy Explanation: Patriarchy is a social system where men hold primary power and authority in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property.19 / 2019. In which type of society does property pass on from mother to daughter? A. Matriarchal B. Patrilocal C. Matrilineal D. Patrilineal Explanation: In matrilineal societies, property is inherited through the female line, from mother to daughter. 20 / 2020. What is the term for the practice of marrying within one’s caste? A. Monogamy B. Polygamy C. Endogamy D. Exogamy Explanation: Endogamy is the practice of marrying within one’s own social group, such as caste. 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